7, 1968), 665-674, hereafter referred to as JP "Justice and Psychic Harmony in the Republic," Journal of Philosophy, LXVI (Aug. a "The Argument in the Republic that 'Justice Pays'," Journal of Philosophy, LXV (Nov. 2 See Demos, "A Fallacy in Plato's Republic?" Philosophical Review, LXXIII (1964), 395-398 Weingartner, "Vulgar Justice and Platonic Justice," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, XXV (1964), 248-252 Schiller, "Just Men and Just Acts in Plato's Republic," Journal of the History o] Philosophy, VI (1968), 1-14 Alan Gewirth's paper "Comments on 'A Fallacy in Plato's Republic' " (unpublished).
1 "A Fallacy in Plato's Republic," Philosophical Review, LXXII (April 1963), 141-158. 4 Quite * I am much indebted to members of the University of Chicago Philosophy Department and to a reader for this Journal, whose valuable criticisms of an earlier draft of this paper led me to correct certain mistakes and to fill certain gaps in my argument. While in this essay I reach the same conclusion as did Sachs, i.e., that Plato failed to meet the challenge of proving that the just man is happier than the unjust man, my argument neither deals explicitly with Sachs' allegations nor does its validity depend on what position one takes in the Sachs controversy. In what follows I approach the problem from a somewhat different direction. Recently Professor Vlastos has entered the debate 3 with his attempts at clarifying Plato's two "definitions" of justice and providing "an argumentative bridge" between them. A number of replies 2 were soon forthcoming, attempting to show either that the alleged failure is more apparent than real, or that Sachs had misconstrued the nature of the original challenge, or that Plato never particularly cared to vindicate the "vulgar morality" of the many. have challenged Socrates to prove that the "vulgarly just man" is happy, all that Socrates does in fact show is that the "Platonically just man" is happy. Sachs went on to charge that Socrates, by failing to connect these two senses of justice, commits the fallacy of irrelevance, for whereas Thrasymachus, Glaucon, et al. Professor Sachs reopened the discussion i with his suggestion that in the Republic Plato employs (at least) two different conceptions of justice. ARONSON THE PAST FEW YEARShave seen a renewed interest in the main argument of Plato's Republic concerning the relationship of justice and happiness. The Happy Philosopher A Counterexample to Plato's Proof* SIMON H.
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